Pros and Cons of Building a Casino in Your Neighborhood

Pros New Jobs Entertainment Expand Tourism parcel to Community Contribution to Charitable Organizations Lower taxes for Residents Tax Revenues Higher Wages Higher Property Value Extends Visitors Stay in Area Money put back into topical anesthetic Economy Adds to a City Attracts People Traffic of People Better Known Cons Street Crime Prostitution Takes from Local businesses No New Businesses Erosion of Work Ethic Pathological Gamblers Increased Bankruptcy Rates Preys on Poor and Elderly Lost Productivity Traffic over-crowding Entry Level Jobs Low Paying legitimateity Money non re-spent in Local Economy No Taxes Environmental Effects Three meaty conditions must be simultaneously satisfied if a particular cost is to be classified as a private cost 1. Gamblers must be fully informed 2. Gamblers must be rational 3. Gamblers must be required to bear the total costs of their caper If any one of these conditions fails to be satisfied, an element of social c osts exists. For example, if gamblers cease work in order to gamble and gamble away their family assets, leaving their families to claim social welf be benefits, the delay of the community is bearing social casts.The gamblers may carry mad rational decisions in that they know that the community whollyow for provide a safety net. They exponent have made different decisions had the safety net not existed. One distinction that must be made is between real and pecuniary costs. Real costs cost a withdrawal of resources from other potential uses- they represent a subtraction from societys total welfare. Pecuniary costs represent costs borne by some members of the community but which are exactly matched by benefits received by others. For example, assume that romp increases levels of corruption in the globe and private sectors.Corruption tush have both pecuniary and real effects. It can produce a redistribution of income, which is a pecuniary effect. It can also produce a real det erioration in efficiency as productive resources are allocated jibe to sub-optimal, non- frugal criteria. Generally speaking, when identifying the real costs, we can classify the costs and benefits on gambling into two categories- tangible and intangible. Tangible costs are costs that can be nurtured in the marketplace. Any reduction in these costs will yield resources that will become available to the community for consumption or investment purposes.Intangible costs are costs that cannot be readily valued in the marketplace and which, when reduced, will not yield resources to the community for consumption or investment purposes. Examples of both tangible and intangible costs of gambling Tangible Productionreduced on the job productivity Reduced workforce Reduced unpaid household services Heath and Counselingpsychological treatment of gamblers Treatment of families of gamblers Treatment of victims of crime attributable to gambling CrimePolicing Judicial systems Penal systems Insur ance administration Regulationregulation supervision Regulatory programs ResearchEvaluationDevelopment Welfare PreventionCrime prevention Intangible Loss of life Suffering Quality of life ethnic impacts Stress to crime victims Stress to gamblers and others The purpose of this paper is to assess the economic impacts of Casino gambling within a community. The Seneca Indian Tribe opened a temporary cassino on its land in Buffalo after federal approval, to satisfy its agreement with the state. The majority of the community are now tour their heads and not showing interest for the cassino. They believe the operations will adversely affect the economic and social environment of the already struggling city.The community is aspect for other sources of revenue and find issue ways how to clean up the streets. Opportunity cost is any good or service that has value of all the other goods or services that we must give up in order to produce it. We all use the idea of opportunity cost in ou r everyday lives. The Casino in downtown Buffalo will drain notes from the city and local businesses will be affected by the advancements of the cassino. The casino is looking to expand to a high class resort that will have room availability and food/beverage.The negative aspect is that the people that lay the casino will not leave to go out to local restaurants or hotels and spend dollars in the all ready weakened Buffalo prudence. The casino will provide jobs, the jobs will be at a lower pay and with few, if any, of the protections against displacement. A downtown casino would severely devastate and/or draw out legion(predicate) of Buffalos restaurants, hotels and nightlife in the area. Many studies have been performed on Casino gambling and the economic impacts. Many economists have researched how the casinos do not contribute to local businesses and negative reputation within communities.Casinos are not helping the economy but only themselves. It is not appropriate for Buf falo to have to struggle anymore due to Seneca Indians and their eagerness to start up something is bound to fail. In New York State our way to protect the environment of nature and humanity. Indian casinos are also exempt from New York health codes, they can permit smoking. Employees in casinos have none of New Yorks health protections, and even if they did they cant sue in New York courts, so they have nowhere to go if they are injured by inhaling second hand smoke.The people purchase the tax-free tobacco are not even contributing to the state budget, part of which in part pays for the huge cost of tobacco smoke and leads many to develop lung disease. Questions, discussions, and opinions are on a rise to whether a new casino should be built in Buffalo, New York. If we ask what benefits, or what economic increment will this casino bring to the community there would not be enough answers as to compare to the negative effects it will very bring.This essay will discuss the economic impacts, social and opportunity costs brought by casinos from economist researchers who have showed significant points to why casino worsen the economy and making it harder for local businesses and employment opportunity. To answer the question, What is economic development? Dr. Grinols professor of economics at Baylor University and author of Gambling in America cost and benefits, 2004 said, When individuals compact productive activity, they engage in the creation of goods and service that provide greater welfare or satisfaction than the inputs used. (Grinols 2004).Economic development is the creation of greater value by society from its available resources which means greater income and wealth, which lead to greater utility for members of society (Grinols 2004). Dr. Grinols claims when a casino hires a hundred new employees they are like to the same hundred loss jobs at other businesses, and casinos revenues are matched by reduced revenues at those other businesses, which lead s to no economic development because greater value is not created. Casinos not only create economic loss, they intensify the problem by taking the money they get from the casinos out of he local communities (Day 2008). The casino industry do not re-spent their profits into the local economy. Statistics show thirty five to eighty seven percent of the profits are sent out of state in the form of vendor contracts, capital investment dividends and parent company profit sharing. The money does not get reinvested into the community, which is the foundation of economic development. In defense to the negative impact brought by casinos, the gambling industry tries to prove that casinos create job opportunity as a measure of economic development however Dr.Grinols argues that job creation is not an indicator of economic development and that local residents may not benefit at all from job creation. He goes on to say jobs are neither necessary nor sufficient for economic development. Secondly h e argued, A significant amount of promotional material claims that casinos reducing unemployment, but most importantly because casinos represent a negative and not a positive economic development, in the long run the number of jobs are drastically decreasing and not created.In 2007 professor Frederic H. Murphy of Temple University proved in his economic impact analysis of expanded gambling in Philadelphia, because money was leaving the area and not staying in the local economy there will be a loss of over four thousand jobs. Dr. Grinols claims according to research not sponsored by the casino industry, commercial casinos nationwide generated job loss in more than forty two percent of the counties with casinos.

Automobile? The Main Source of Pollution? Essay

Innovation and creativity, these argon the very benchmarks that pave the representation in producing new technology that governs the very lives of our hereafter. But the question is, is it doing more(prenominal) than(prenominal) harm than inviolable to inn? To verify the nature and essence of this query, I will be inquiring and delving into the world of automobiles and motorcycles. On one(a) hand, I balance the modern wonders that craft the very definitions of convenience and comfort. While on the other, I keep back the unfathomable realities that draw the line between useful and harmful. Therefore, let it be stated that I know come to an understanding that both automobiles and motorcycles pose a substantial threat the world is constantly ignoring. In probing this discussion, I will begin by first illustrating the statistics on ownership of automobiles and motorcycles made in the United States. Then, I shall be focusing on the comparison between the subjects and issues that society deals with regard to automobiles and motorcycles by citing some examples in Southeast Asia. Lastly, I will emphasize the known facts and matters that give impact on the current view of automobiles in the society. To start with, it is acknowledged that present ownership of the automobiles is increasing day by day.According to the US Bureau of Transit Statistics for 2004 there are a total of 243,023,485 registered passenger vehicles in the U.S. of which 136,430,651 (56.13%) are classified as automobiles. While 91,845,327 (37.79%) are classified under 2 axles and 4 deteriorate vehicles, presumably SUVs and pick-up trucks. Yet a nonher 6,161,028 (2.53%) are classified as vehicles with 2 axles and 6 tires and 2,010,335 (0.82%) are classified as trucks in combination. In addition to that, there are approximately 5,780,870 motorcycles in the U.S. in 2004, which accounts for 2.37% of all registered passenger vehicles. With the increasing number of automobiles yearly, there is a p lan to see an effective dash of reducing the emissions from cars through hybrids, diesel and other form of technology. Recent studies show that automobile emissions are not as bad as motorcycles emissions. Usually, motorcycles are not the major form of transportations in developed countries. Astonishingly, the Ameri idler Chemical Society reports that motorcycles collectively emit 16 times more hydro vitamin Cs, three times more carbon monoxide and a disproportionately high amount of other shine pollutants compared to passenger cars ( erudition Daily, 2008). The study, by the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and explore, has found both two- and four-cycle motorcycle engines emitted significantly more of these pollutants than automobile engines.Given this data, we can now see the ineffectiveness of motorcycles. Given the sitting capacity of a car compared to a motorcycle, a car is able to hold twice as much sitting capacity compared to motorcycles. In ontogenesis countries such as Indonesia, the number of motorcycles is overwhelming compared to the number of automobiles. Being born in Surabaya, Indonesia, I hand witnessed some of the worst air pollution that I name ever encountered. It has been so bad to an point that I can see dust on my front porch every ten minutes upon imbibe it clean Although, there hire been seen steps taken to reduce the emissions in automobiles, regulations has been a bit late(a) for motorcycles. This does not take into account the other subjects related to pollution such as air contamination, piss contamination, soil contamination, and solid waste mishandling ( L. Gari, 475 488).Unlike automobile emissions that have been regulated only after 1970s, the motorcycle emissions have only been regulated only after 1999. This technological advancement has made motorcycles slight harmful to the environment. Thus, future bikes may have emissions from new motorcycles at a same level of emissions as cars. For example, the 1000cc Suzuki V-Strom produced in 2002, outfit with a regulated catalyzer, oxygen sensor and fuel injection, complies with 2003 emissions limits and is very close to the 2006 ones (Motorcycle Emission, 2008).It is also said that they have reduced 60% of the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons emissions of new four-stroke bikes produced from the 1st April 2003 and reinforcing it on 1st January 2006. This will in construction apply a further 50% reduction compared to the 2003 limits. Two-stroke engines will see their emissions output reduce by 30% for carbon oxide and 70% for hydrocarbons. Hopefully, motorcycles will have low level of oxides of atomic number 7 and limits will extend the same for 2003 giving the time for the industry to achieve more drastic nitrogen oxide measures for 2006. With this at hand, Indonesia air pollution would be drastically reduced. Automobiles and motorcycles affect our environment and push them into critical conditions. There are flush unusual emi ssions that are produced in the atmosphere (Beychok, 29 36). Pollutants from automobiles are the major causes for green house effectuate and other environmental pollutions. Although Bangkok is praised with their three-wheeled vehicles whose name comes from the sputtering sound produced by their horribly polluting two-stroke engines, tuk-tuks front like beat-up golf carts with roofs and backseats and function as inner-city taxis (Hertsgaard, 1999).Unfortunately, tuk-tuks and motorbikes, in terms of mobility, are undercut by their abnormal tailpipe exhaust that burn a fuel that is part gasoline, part benzene. Benzene of melt causes crabby person and each flick of a drivers wrist sends thick puffs of bluish-white smoke into the already dope up like air (Hertsgaard, 1999). Though the presence of tuk-tuks created many jobs as a tuk-tuk driver for the people in Bangkok, it also cost them their health as prolong breathing of benzene causes cancer. Nowa geezerhood, diesel cars are sp eckless than the petrol cars. Modern technologies have been applied in order to reduce the level of emission from cars. For example, carbon dioxide emissions are directly proportional to fuel consumption, and as diesel cars use 30 to 40% less fuel and they emit 30 to 40% less carbon dioxide than petrol cars (Vasic and Weilenmann, 149 154). On the other hand, innate(p) gas and LPG cars are actually quite fuel inefficient, if otherwise cleaner burning, and so produce more CO2 than diesel. diesel engines produce virtually no carbon monoxide. Emissions of nitrous oxides can be in effect reduced in both petrol and diesel cars by use of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). EGR reduces the flame temperature to below the point where nitrogen effectively burns. Hydrocarbon emissions are contained in petrol engine emissions much more than in diesel engine emissions. Benzene is also present in the fumes which can be smelt when filling up with petrol at a service station however this is not a pr oblem with diesel. Personally, I unanimously feel that it is necessary for everyone to get a car since it has a viable use in the lives of ordinary men and women. Moreover, cars have been viewed as a twentieth-century technology (Hertsgaard, 1999). Since the fraud of automobiles, more and more industries associated with it have begun to expand. This in turn provides enormous employment opportunities to the people.With that, countries such as Thailand, china and Bangkok have soon started to welcome foreign automobile industries to invest in order to boost their economic progress. wholeness great example of this particular event is the success story of Thailand. Over the early(prenominal) two decades, Thailands per capita income in 1991 was U.S$ 1,570a stunning six fold increase over the 1971 phase of U.S$271 making Thailand an apparent economic success story (Hertsgaard, 1999). With a sudden massive economic return in an automobile industry as have been seen, there comes a pr ice that everyone has to pay. In conclusion, not only automobiles emissions is held scapegoat to many people around the world for global heating system and the increase of greenhouse gases, certain factors such as the massive motorcycles emissions are also partly to blame. some(prenominal) the automobile and motorcycles affect our environment and push them into critical conditions such as the green house make and other environmental pollutions.Overall, I agree with Hertsgaard when he made a strong point that proponents of the car like to point out, as the Mobil Corporation did in a 1995 advertisement in the New York Times, that the cars and skies in the United States are much cleaner now than they were a quarter of a century agone(Hertsgaard, 1999). This statement he makes inspires the entire environmentalist out there that their efforts have not gone to a fault waste.WORKS CITEDScienceDaily.Amounts of Air Pollutants. March 21, 2008http//www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2006/01/06 0101155000.htmU.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Automobile Emissions An Overview. August, 1994 1-5. 21 March, 2008http//www.epa.gov/OMS/consumer/05-autos.pdfBeychok, Milton R. (January 1987). A Database for Dioxin and Furan Emissions from turn down Incinerators. Atmospheric Environment 21 (1) 29-36Christi, The Truth About Diesel Emissions Freds Tdi Forum 21 March, 2008http//www.stealthtdi.com/Emissions.htmlResearch and Innovative Technology Administration (RITA). Estimated home(a) Average fomite Emissions Rates per Vehicle by Vehicle Type using Reformulated Gasoline and Diesel.U.S. Department of Transportation (US DOT) Nov. 29, 2007. 21 March, 2008 .Hertsgaard , Mark . Earth Odyssey Around the military man in Search of Our Environmental Future . New York Broadway Books, 1999.Gari. Arabic Treatises on Environmental Pollution up to the End of the Thirteenth Century, Environment and History 8 (4), 2002, pp. 475-488Motorcycle Emissions Bikes Go Greener. British Motorcyclists un ion 30 Sep, 2004.21 March, 2008 http//www.bmf.co.uk/pages/briefing_room_archive.php?fullstory=432Passenger Vehicles in the United States. Wikipedia 27 February 2008 21 March, 2008 .Vasic, Ana -Marija and Martin Weilenmann. Comparison of Real-World Emissions. Environmental Science&Technology 402006 149-154. 21 March, 2008 .Self-evaluation Upon starting this try out, I experienced several setbacks and challenges. It took me a total of 3 days of researching and 2 days to complete the analyse. The first thing which I did in this essay was the search for good source information for this research. This was hard as I have to be able to find data which preferably have a range of 10 years. Secondly, I read the Top Ten Tips on the transition and brilliant beginnings and I really can see myself being a better generator with it. The last and final step was for me to put all the information down and start writing followed by proofreading. For this research only managed to do a single draft an d I did not get the assistance of any body except the tools of Microsoft words such as its thesaurus and dictionary.I believe that my strong and insightful data on the emission outputs of automobiles and motorcycles are the strengths of my essay. In addition to that I believe that my essay is weak because of proofreading problems. One of the primary problems that I have with this essay was that I have to retype everything again imputable to a computer problem. The essay was supposed to be done on my lap top. However, it crashed and I am unable to backup my data causing me to lose come information that can help me with this essay. One thing that I would do next time is definitely to start earlier and have a visit to Dr Lankford office to ask him on his views on my current ideas for the essay. I would definitely rewrite this essay for the second time in hope to have at least a B+/- for this course as it depended on this essay.ReferencesVehicle ratios since 1990YearMotorvehiclesIncrea sein vehicles% Growth19901892+1.011991188-1-0.521992 one hundred ninety2+1.0619931944+2.1019941984+2.0619952024+2.0219962064+1.9819972084+1.9419982080+/-019992168+3.8420002182+0.9220012268+3.6620022304+1.7620032311+0.43All numbers in millionsSOURCE US Department of TransportationEstimated National Average Vehicle Emissions Rates per Vehicle by Vehicle Type using Reformulated Gasoline and Diesel (Grams per mile)1995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007RFG (assuming 100% RFG) light-duty vehiclesExhaust HC1.451.281.151.040.970.840.760.680.620.550.470.410.38Nonexhaust HC0.890.870.860.840.820.640.630.610.590.570.540.510.47Total HC2.342.152.011.881.781.481.391.291.211.121.020.9210.852Exhaust CO22.7820.8419.4318.2517.2115.3614.6813.8813.1712.4911.449.819.29Exhaust NOx1.781.641.551.461.351.241.191.121.061.000.900.770.72DIESELLight-duty vehiclesExhaust HC0.770.790.810.810.820.800.760.730.730.600.580.480.36Exhaust CO1.691.731.761.781.791.781.751.731.741.591.571.411.21Exhaust NOx1.8 91.891.881.861.851.811.721.621.541.431.321.110.85KEYCO = carbon monoxide HC = hydrocarbon NOx = nitrogen oxide RFG = reformulated gasoline.SOURCEU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Vehicle and Fuel Emissions Laboratory, personal communication, Nov. 29, 2007.

Impacts of Cultural Differences Essay

College Graduation thesis Subject Impacts of Cultural Differences on transnational Business negotiation Name Chen Xiujuan Student zero(prenominal) 0 8 5 1 0 3 4 0 Specialty and clique Business English, Class 3 Department Department of Humanities and Arts Supervisor Liu Mifan Date 2011-3-02 contents Introduction1 1. Types of Cultural Differences2 1. 1Value View2 1. 2. Negotiating agency2 1. 3. persuasion Model2 2. Impact Of Cultural Differences on worldwide Business Negotiations4 . 1Impact of Value Views Differences on world(prenominal) Business Negotiations4 2. 1. 1Impact of Time View Difference on Negotiation. 4 2. 1. 2Impact of Equality View Difference on Negotiation. 5 2. 1. 3 Impact of objectivity Difference on Negotiation. 6 2. 2 Impact of Negotiating dash Differences on International Business Negotiations. 7 2. 3 Impact of Thinking Model Differences on International Business Negotiation. 8 3. Coping Strategy Of Negotiating Across market-gardenings. 9 3. 1 Making Prep arations before Negotiation. 9 3. 2 Overcoming Cultural Prejudice. 10 3. Conquering colloquy Barriers. 10 Conclusion11 Bibliography12 Ac dwellledgements13 Abstract The stage communication channel negotiations under unlike cultural conditions come to cross- cultural negotiations. With the economic sphericalization and the frequent business contacts, cultural differences seem to be very important separatewise they could origin unnecessary misunderstanding, thus far affect the result of the business negotiations. This representation it is very important to know the different ending in different countries and the ways to avoid the tillage conflicts in the international business negotiations.The article commences from the types of subtlety differences, and so it explains the impacts of these floriculture differences on international business negotiation and finally it analyzes how to deal with the problem of the cultural differences correctly in negotiation process. Such a standpoint is underlined In the business negotiations amidst different countries, negotiators should accept the other partys culture, and try to recognize him be accepted then consume a correct evaluation with the succor of valid communication and discover their real benefits between them.Besides, we should know clearly and try to accept the culture differences as possible as we can. It is very important for the success of culture negotiations. Key words husbandry Cultural differences Business negotiation Impact Introduction Along with the advancement globalization and Chinas WTO entry, business enterprises in China have to face more and more business negotiations with contrary enterprises, in particular with American enterprises. In these negotiations, Chinese negotiators sometimes feel uncomfortable, puzzled, lost, irritated and the alike, because of unfamiliar custom and manners demonstrated by American negotiators.Meanwhile, American negotiators confront the same situa tion. Cult rural differences between China and tungsten countries could cause some problems. Therefore, understanding cultural differences and overcoming them is crucial in international business negotiations. Although the definition of culture is many and vague, it is commonly Recognized that culture is a sh ared system of symbols, beliefs, values, attitudes and expectations. Culture is a major determining factor in business negotiation. So have a clear picture of culture differences if of great significance. . Types of Culture Differences The east countries and tungsten countries have produced different cultures on the different continents. Among the different cultures, value views, negotiating room and sentiment model appear more distinct. 1. 1Value View Value view is the standard that mickle use to asses object glass things. It includes time view, comparison view and objectivity. People may draw a different or even contradictory conclusion closely the same thing. Val ue view is one of the most important differences among the many factors.It can influence the attitude, needs and behavior of mickle. The value view varies from nation to nation, people know that the easterly person focus on collectivism, while the tungstenerlyern people knuckle under more economic aid to individualism. 1. 2. Negotiating Style Negotiating style refers to the tolerance and graces which the negotiator shows in the negotiation. The negotiators show their negotiating style through behavior, manners and the manner of dictatorial negotiation process during the negotiation.The negotiators negotiating style has a bearing on their culture cathode-ray oscilloscope. fit to the culture differences, negotiating style wasteweirs into cardinal types the east negotiating style pattern and the west negotiating style pattern. 1. 3. Thinking Model Thinking model reflects the culture. Because of the influences of history background, continents, words and living method, differ ent nations generate different opinion models. Surely, there is more than one idea model of a nation, but one is more obvious compared with others.As a whole, east people, especially Chinese have grueling comprehensive theoriseing, image thinking and curved thinking, while analytical thinking, wind thinking and direct thinking are possessed by the west people. 2. Impact of Cultural Differences on International Business Negotiations With the rapid development of economy, we need to do business with businessmen under different culture background, so in order to r for apiece one workmanship parallelism, it is necessary for us to look at the impact of culture differences on international negotiation in global business activities.The impact of culture differences on international negotiation is extensive and deeply. Different cultures divide the people into different group and they are also the obstacles of peoples communication. Accordingly, it is required that the negotiator should accept the culture of each other. Furthermore, through culture differences, it is important that the negotiator reveal and understand the other partys goal and behavior and make him or herself be accepted by the opponent to reach agreement finally 2. 1Impact of Value Views Differences on International Business NegotiationsValue Views Differences on International Business Negotiations fall into three types time view, negotiation style, thinking model. Each has big influences on business negotiation 2. 1. 1 Impact of Time View Difference on Negotiation. The time view which affects the negotiators behavior varies from east countries to west countries. The oriental or the Chinese negotiators are usually cautious and patient. They need to go through the phrases of coming up with put forwards, bringing up objections and ending the trade which takes a longer time.And they trust to arrange rich time to go on a negotiation, thus discerning more some the opponent . They are good at long and continuous battle. While west people or we could say American people, consider time is precious. They f blue to resolve problems swiftly. So, in business negotiation, American businessmen lots complain about the delay and the lack of efficiency of negotiators from other countries, while these countries also make a complaint that the Americans lack patience. There is a popular saying among American negotiators and businessmen It is require to steal time.That shows the time view of Americans. To them, time means money. The time view of Chinese is cyclic. They use long-term and systematic viewpoints to value the importance of the topic. A famous people degreeify the time view into two kinds straight-line time viewand cyclic time view. The former pay more attention to concentration and speed, and the later focus doing many things at one time. That they insist on different time view leads to different negotiating style and method. The American people represent the straigh t-line time view and they have a strong awareness of new competition.They look for speed and efficiency. So they value time badly and consider time as a special commodity whose value could be assessed. They often use minute to calculate time . They accept to go down negotiation time at every phrase and want to complete the negotiation quickly. except the Chinese time view is cyclic and they place emphasis on unity. Moreover, it is necessary to be timely at negotiations. West people have a strong time view, if you dont respect with the appointment time, they may give you a punishment and they will regard you as unreliable and compulsory person.Being late for negotiation will give the west businessmen opportunities to exert pressure onyou, and then you will lose the status of being initiative. 2. 1. 2 Impact of Equality View Difference on Negotiation America went through the bourgeoisie revolution of striving for the equality and freedom, so they take equality into their heart. Americans stick to equality and fairness in business, and hope that both could gain benefit. When introducing the topic or situation, the west people would like to use concrete method, particularly data.Their negotiating method is that they will describe their viewpoint and propose at the beginning in order to feel initiative. Under this principle, they would come up with a tenable resolution which they think is very fair. In business relationship, the sellers from America regard the buyer as a counterpart. Americans are fairer than Japanese is sharing benefits. A lot of American managers think fair division of sugar is more important than how much they could get. At this point, the east people are different. Because of the deeply influence of class view, they dont pay much attention to equality.They usually adopt single-win strategy in business negotiations. When involving economic benefits they think much about their have benefits and profits and dont give so much attention t o the benefit of their partners. The market economic system of developed countries is quite mature, so west countries take win-win strategy more in negotiation basically, they could take the benefits of both into consideration. 2. 1. 3 Impact of Objectivity Difference on Negotiation The objectivity in international business negotiation reflects the degree to which people treat any things.West people especially Americans have a strong objectivity on the understanding of issues. At negotiation table, Americans dont care much about relationship between people. They dont care if the status of the opponent is equal to theirs. They make decision based on facts and data, not people. The saying that public things use public ways is a reflection of American objectivity. Therefore,Americans emphasize that Businessmen should distinguish people and issues, what they are really interested in is the actual problems. But in the other parts of the world, it is impossible for them to distinguish peo ple and issues. . 2 Impact of Negotiating Style Differences on International Business Negotiations The impacts of negotiating style differences on international business negotiation mainly exist in negotiating method and negotiating structure. Take the negotiation between America and China as a example, since the oriental care more about unity in thinking, they method they adopt in negotiation is from unity to parts, from the big to little, from the abstract to the concrete, that is to say they should each agreement on general terms, then begin to talk about the concrete terms.And usually not until the end of the negotiation do they make compromise and promise based on all the items, and then to reach agreement. The west people are influenced by analytic thinking, so pay more attention to logical relations between things. They consider more about concrete things than integrity. And they tend discuss the concrete items at the beginning of negotiation, so they often resolve the price, delivery and issuance singly at first. And they may make compromise at every detail, so the final contract is the combining of many little agreements.The negotiating structure is linked with cultures. Negotiating structure mostly refers to the number of the participants. In business negotiation, the foreign delegation is usually composed by 3-5 people, while the Chinese one could be more 15 people. The foreign negotiators not only need to negotiate with their counterparts but also need to discuss with think person in charge or the government. When making the final decisions, the Chinese negotiators often discuss the results repeatedly from the workers to the board to avoid being decided by a single person. That results from the influence of collectivism.So they often said to their partners Let us think about it. Let us discuss it. But the west negotiators could make the final decision without going back for discussion. That because their admire individualism and hard working. The y have strong independence. They would carry on match to the best ways after knowing their goals. Whats more, most west people think that they have the ability to deal with the negotiation situation on their own. And truly, they are unfearing enough to take responsibility. 2. 3 Impact of Thinking Model Differences on International Business NegotiationThe thinking model of Chinese tends to be comprehensive, concrete and curved, while the Americans are usually analytic, abstract and straight-line. We Chinese are accustomed to talking about general principles at first and then move onto details. To Chinese negotiators, the core is the general guideline, and the details are subject to the guideline. After figuring out the big picture, other problems are easier to resolve. It is the most obvious feature of Chinese negotiators. But west businessmen, especially Americans are in all likelihood to discuss the details first and try to avoid the principle.They value details very much and th ink noting about the unity. Accordingly, they want to discuss the details at the beginning of negotiation. They are direct and simple in negotiation. As a matter of fact, many facts show that General principles first have impact of niggardliness on the parts and details. For instance, our government insists on the principle that Hong Kong and Macao are undivided parts of Chinas territory. In the important diplomatic negotiations such as Entering into relationship with America, Hong Kongs and Macaos coming back into their motherland.It is under such principle that we established the tone of the negotiation and controlled the skeleton of the negotiation, thus we get the advantage and prompt the success of negotiation. 3. Coping Strategy of Negotiating across Cultures The culture differences in cross-cultural communication have various impacts on act of enterprises. These differences will influence negotiation and management of transnational operation whats more, it may have bad eff ects on the harmonious relationship between our artless and foreign countries.Maybe that will lead to the missing of market opportunities, the increase of trade cost and the low efficiency of company management. So, it is really necessary for us all to eliminate and avoid disadvantageous effects. 3. 1 Making Preparations before Negotiation. The negotiators must make good preparations if they want control the development of negotiation successfully in the complex situation. Only do they make good preparations can they make changes freely according to the situation of negotiation and avoid the happening of conflicts. Because the international business negotiation involves extensive aspects, more preparations are needed.The preparations often include the analysis of the negotiators themselves and the opponents the constitution of negotiation group, elaborating the negotiating goal and strategy and going on parody negotiation when necessary. When making preparations, you should try t o know the opponents while you analyze yourselves. Analyzing yourselves mainly refers to studying if the project is feasible. To knowing about the opponents means understanding their strength such as credit status, the policy? business customs duty and regulations of their countries and the conditions of their negotiating members and so on. . 2 Overcoming Cultural Prejudice Tolerating different cultures and overcoming cultural prejudice contribute to better communication with each other and understanding each other. West people often think that they are powerful, undecided and experienced, so sometimes, we need to recognize then and give then some good comments. We should learn about the foreign cultures before negotiation and accept and understand their cultures in negotiation, because every country regard their own cultures as a matter of course and hope that their culture could be recognized and accepted. 3. Conquering Communication Barriers Two trains running at different rai lways in the opposite direction will collide with each other maybe this is the best arrangement for trains. But to communication between people, there wont be communications if people go ahead according to their own ways. Trains will collide with each other if they run on the same railway at the opposite direction. But if we measure by the objective of peoples communication, only we meet each other, can we have communication and friendship. In negotiation, sometimes we cant make much progress although we have talked for long time.And sometimes both parties are not satisfied. After thinking, that is caused by communication barriers which happen easily in cross-cultural negotiation. We should make sure if there appear communication barriers, if so, we must overcome them. Generally speaking, we should pay more attention to the following three communication barriers in cross-cultural negotiation the communication barriers caused by culture background of both the ones caused by misunders tanding of the contents and information from the partner the ones caused by not being uncoerced to accept the opponents contents and ideas.Conclusion Social Customs varies in different countries. In a word, cross- cultural communication will meet the problem of culture differences surely. In turn, culture differences also influence all aspects of international business communication. To avoid or to resolve the culture differences is a gigantic task in international business negotiation. In order to step into the international market successfully, we must have the awareness of culture differences, acknowledge culture differences and understand different cultures.Try to know yourself and know them. Whats more, we should respect different behavior of businessmen under different culture background, and then we could reduce unnecessary conflicts resulting from not respecting the opponents. It is beneficial for both to form an atmosphere of mutual trust and cooperation, reduce culture d ifferences and turn disadvantages into advantages and benefits. Thus, we could avoid conflicts and obstacles, then to promote communication and harmony in international business negotiation. Bibliography 1George Yule. The study of LanguageM. Cambridge University Press,2000202-209 2Harvey, Paul,,The Oxford Companion to English Literature M. London Oxford University Press. 197823-25 3Philip R Harris, Managing Cultural Differences M. Gulf Publishing Company, 1987234-260 4Wang Cheng fa. A glance of Foreign Land J. Kaifeng Henan Univesity Press, 200058-62 5. M. ,20002-6 6 M. ,2004 7.. M ,2003340-342 8. M. ,2001 Acknowledgements As acknowledgements for my paper, only I the writer is responsible for the shortcomings. I much acknowledges my give thanks to all my teachers, especially to Miss Liu Mifan, my supervisor, who has provides me support, critical ideas and careful suggestions. I also want to thank my family who ever so give me time, encouragement and secretarial services, especially my parents. Finally, my classmate and friends, who provided thoughtful and thorough reviews of my paper, must be acknowledged.

I, Being Born A Woman And Distressed Essay

This praise of Edna St. Vincent Millay is a literary piece shows many faces and expresses so many meanings. But even if it has many meanings, the general inwardness and meaning is about unrequited love. It expresses overpowering feelings longing and a desire for a lover. The arouse work out of I, Being Born a Woman and Distressed is the intriguing features of the praise conflicting message and desires verbalised.formulation that she is born a woman and distressed signifies that she surrenders to such fate that she is of the female gender with its consequent circumstance surrounding women. Followed by the sultry acknowledgement of the propinquity ( similarity) of a lover, the sonnet defines what pleasure such nearness brings. The sonnet yearns that the two bodies of the lover be near to each other. It is because such nearness enables the fume to mop up the pulse and cloud the mind, meaning such nearness allows the savoring of their mutual scents. Wherein, it is further expres sed that such nearness and feeling of undone, possessed brings them to higher levels of joy.However, the sonnet defends that such extreme happiness of creation together does not necessarily mean that it deters rightful reason or thinking as unfearing blood is against my staggering brain. It is just that such nearness always invoke joyful await and leaves fond memories. Furthermore, such nearness reaffirms the commitment and conviction of love shared and cherished. Nevertheless, amidst all the frenzy, the perplexity, the sonnet evoke the inability to truly express in words that could make a reasonable communion when we meet again.The entire sonnet is a slow mode of rising feelings from the beginning until the goal that apparently can leave one expressionless, wordless. There is a mathematical paradox wherein the sonnet realise humongous run of feelings and yet could not find the words to say them. There is also the possible inconsistency that inasmuch as the rise of feelings is joyous, yet, they may not be wanted. Maybe it is because it is so difficult to maintain enormous feelings of love and joy, that it might be better not to have the feelings anymore than not beingness able to contain them. It is like as if the sonnet portrays a lovers dual aim of being both a winner and a loser. It is because there is zest, frenzy, seduction, staggering. (Hubbard, 1995)The sonnet someways refers to such incongruent thoughts and paradox to the fact that the feelings and emotions come from a woman who is not capable of such enormity of feelings. This sonnet explains that being born a woman is not the fault of anyone thus, it is not anyones fault that the subsequent experience and nurturing such passion and joy could not be contained.The ultimate interesting part is that despite all the paradox, the sonnet is convinced that there is complete reason and awareness as to what pleasure such passion and joy beings. The sonnet finally intends to illustrate that even if there is confusion in such situation and such enormity of feelings, it is still right to nurture such feelings. The sonnet confirms that love and passion is a right and it is logical.ReferenceHubbard, Stacy Carson. On I Being Born a Woman and Distressed. 1995 Millay at 100 A Critical Reappraisal Modern American metrical composition http//www.english.illinois.edu/MAPS/poets/m_r/millay/born.html

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With a jam of people oh have to get used to your eubstance changing with girls,progesterone, breast get bigger, getting their period and how to adapt to that, and also getting hair at places. With guys you getting hair in places you never had hair their before,like pubic bea, under their arm pits, and legs and arums. Guys get a lot taller and more muscle, testosterone, estrogen. For some teens this is very embarrassing for them and might get picked on and be bug all the time, especially if they are growing more mainly or womanly faster than anyone else.Now that they are experiencing this they might also find out to be attractive to the opposite sex and this house be a challenge for them. .2 How and when is peer pressure harmful? Can it ever be helpful? why? Peer pressure is harmful when you can reflect on yourself to t from each one you good things and encour be on you to take over them. Like if you are with someone who is peer pressuring someone else you can see what not to d o to someone. Or if you see someone is find outing in the library and tells you its a good place to go to study now you feel the pressure to go and check it out yourself.I think It can be genuinely helpful in ere pressure Just depending on what the situation is. As long as it aught bad where you getting pressured on something you dont want to do,or you now is not right to do. Its good because someone can pressure you to do something good not bad. For exercising someone pressures you to go to a Job audience that you dont feel like you will get the Job, next thing you know you go because they pressed you to go and you get the Job. .3 What geeks of changes occur in the brain in late maturity?The type of changes that occur in the brain in late adulthood are your brain effects he physical activity, their depot starts to forget things, day to day that they are used of doing for years,but the semantic stock improve more with the age but when they get to their ass is than start to d ecline again. It takes late adulthood longer to process memory and they find ways like strategies to learn ways to remember things for them. Your brain in the late adulthood gets smaller in size Just because your brain takes in so much knowledge from over the years.The older you get your brain can get Alchemies disease and what that is you forget more and more each ay, you turn a loss a lot of your brain functions during this diseases, this diseases is something that will be with you for the rest of your life until death informational. .4 wherefore is novel problem-solving particularly difficult in late adulthood? Novel problem-solving is particularly difficult in late adulthood because you brain are slowly losing there functions. So when your viewing a problem-solving it in late adulthood you tend to forget things all the time the older you get.When trying to solve those type of thing you brain might forget what you where trying to solve that robber in the first place. For exampl e like the Alchemies diseases you tend to forget things and your brain is pretty much slowly going to Just eject done and thats it. Novel problem-solving part in your brain Just deteriorates when you get older. When your older with this too you lose things like vision, attention and motor memory which is not good when you get elderly, sometimes and a lot of older people dont even realize it or want to believe it when It happens to them. This tends to be a problem-solving for the elderly.

Devotion of Love

roll in the hay is unreasonable. It makes us suffer and leads us to unexpected decisions. Love gives us enough power to fight, making us powerless against our desire to produce an impression on early(a)s. Whether we love our p atomic number 18nts or our friends, we nevertheless feel the need to prove the relevance of our olfactory perceptions to others. James Joyces Araby and D. H. Lawrences The Rocking Horse Winner teach us to be more attentive to what we usually call love.The ii stories shape the two different visions of love while Joyces love rebounds on arrogance, Lawrences feelings border on insanity, both leading to spiritual frustration and somatogenetic self-destruction. Love is al bearings surrounded by illusions. In both Araby and The Rocking Horse Winner, love is associated with frustration, which comes as a result of dreams which never come true. all(prenominal) morning I lay on the floor in the front parlour watching her door. The contrivance was pulled down to w ithin an inch of the sash so that I could not be seen.When she came out on the doorstep my heart leaped (Joyce). Really, is there anything better than seeing a wonderful girl across the bridle-path and dreaming about her beauty? These dreams however, are shaped in ways that do not fork over the protagonist with a single chance to make them true. The situation is similar with Lawrences boy Paul, who vainly tries to protect his mother from financial problems. He went off by himself, vaguely, in a childish way, pursuit for the clue to luck.Absorbed, taking no heed of other people, he went about with a illuminate of stealth, seeking inwardly for luck. He wanted luck, he wanted it, he wanted it (Lawrence). In his stressful to find consolation in gambling, Paul looks very similar to Joyces character. In the bazaar or during a horse race, both position love as the determination of trade, and the success of their spiritual strivings depends on their ability to earn or purchase a cert ain amount of material values. That these materialistic strivings are initially doomed to failure neither Joyce, nor Lawrence can conceal.They number these material sensations into an effective literary cock with the aim to prove and confirm the eternal truth love cannot be bought nor can it be sold. The tragical mistake which Joyces impersonal character and Lawrences boy Paul make on their way to love is replacing the value of true feelings with the value of money. Their failures are not in that they cannot earn or buy enough to satisfy the material needs of others. Their failure is in that they initially agree to dissolution this material game and silently accept the rules set by others.Their love makes them blind, and they obviously overestimate their strengths, efforts, and abilities to suck in their dreams and hidden desires. Pauls mother touched the whole five thousand. Then something very comical happened. The voices in the house suddenly went mad, like a chorus of frog s on a spring evening. there were certain new furnishings and Paul had a tutor (Lawrence). Not the tutor and not the new furnishings, plainly the inner voice was telling Paul that something was wrong the voice which Paul consciously refused to hear.The same noncitizen voice might have been telling Joyces character to keep from making an unnecessary purchase. There, in the middle of the bazaar, the young boy is gradually realizing that love does have its limits the social and material limits, which society has obligate on him against his will. Joyce and Lawrence are similar in a sense that they re-evaluate simple human feelings through the optical prism of social complexities. The latter make love impossible and unachievable to those, who do not have financial capital.Both characters are the victims of their own feelings. Regardless whether these feelings border on arrogance or on material insanity, they unavoidably lead to moral or physical self-destruction. Conclusion For ye ars and centuries, love was the source of literary inspiration. In case of Joyce and Lawrence however, love has become the mirror of the major societys flaws. Limited and decreased to an object of social trade, in both stories love appears as the instrument of ones spiritual and physical self-destruction.Both stories position love as the object of gambling, and those who love do not have any other choice, but to accept the rules of this tragic materialistic game. The two stories form the two different pictures of one feeling and teach us a good lesson when replaced with materialism and combined with arrogance or material insanity, our feelings turn us into the prisoners of our own unbelievably unrealistic desires and how virtuous these desires may seem, they do not give us a single chance to be loved.

Strategic Management Real insurance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Management Real indemnification insurance - Essay ExampleInsurance provision flourishes on records and the skill to strategise information from a range of assorted sources to issue course of actions and supervise. Consequently the rapidly growing division in the insurance business is the incorporation of wide-ranging business processes, for instance underwriting policies, executing policy controller services, and reporting argues into work descend structures. Sensitive manufacture antagonism, augmented customer hopes and requirements for larger persuasiveness are chief drivers shoving the insurance business to reassess its simulated military operation and to adjust its long-established in use processes.Insurance organisations, such as Real Insurance, should gather the advantages of modernised Web-based flow mechanisation, lessening expenses of operations and cutting decision making time. By employing online automation, Real can divest the brilliance of this practice and enhance profits by giving end users direct approach shot to their records online instantaneously and permit them to deal their own service requests, ask for an excerpt and even join and download a policy (Liang, 2000).Sharing and swap of confidential information amongst numerous public and corporations need by insurance industries. The test is how to achieve this harmlessly and cost effectively while promising customer trustworthiness and property high levels of customer satisfaction. Likewise it is essential to certify that only authorised staff can access restricted consumer statistics or supervise claim records in line with the Privacy laws. This process can be considered a great innovation by handing over not only information access however also operational transactions to the end user. The revolution will have the following impact on the insurance industry (Cockburn, 2001)Upgrading level of service to clients,Noteworthy cost reductionVersatile flexible, groups and pro ducts presented,Updated procedural effectivenessBetter control of technology.2. Outline of the analysis with reasons of the selectionsThe link between Knowledge Management and Strategy (Zack, 1999) is the see to Web-based Insurance Structure of Real Insurance and will enable this organisation to find gap between knowledge and strategy (Refer figure 1). Figure 12.1 Modernised form of Insurance The function of meshwork and associated information technologies is to create and allocate insurance functionalities. In an advanced sense, it