A Psychoanalytic Approach to Wuthering Heights Essay -- Emily Bronte

A Psychoanalytic Approach to Wuthering Heights Before anything else, I would like to talk about the nature of the principle characters of this novel. I’d like to start with Catherine as she seems to be the central character of this love story. Of course the latter is my personal assumption. Catherine is the very representative of nature and naturalism. From the first chapters of novel and Mrs. Dean’s great and elaborate account of Catherine, we encounter the portrayal of wild nature represented by the moor. Totally intractable and precarious in nature, the moor is the most appropriate identifier of Catherine’s character. In fact, her childhood interest in the moor leads us to the conclusion that she has no touch of reason till the time she is prohibited by her sister-in-law and brother after her five-week stay at Lintons’. Interestingly, she takes her playmate, Heathcliff, to the moor to spend the joyful private time with him and this is the very foreshadow that prognosticates Heathcliff’s later confusions and sufferings as a result of her precarious and wild nature. However, Heathcliff himself has no sheer difference in character with her regarding naturalism. Ironically enough, he never undergoes any obligatory changes to abandon such a character and on the contrary he is inspired by tyrannical treatment from Hindley to assume his naturalism. Based on these assumptions we can conclude that these two lovers are the representatives of id in this novel. They act upon every impulse without any contemplations or control of wild passion. To cut the long story short, they act as their unconscious bids them to do. They are not alone in this aspect as Hindley also joins them in this characteristic in a different manner. As a result of... ...ly it was so for Catherine. It reminds me of the closing line of Shakespeare’s poem, â€Å"She should have died hereafter†, in which the poet concludes his marvelous poem by an identical tone: signifying nothing. Using two short syllables which reminds me of the hectic life of Catherine and her hasty decisions and actions based on her id which lead her with a drastic velocity to the point of her second ailment. The concluding syllable of the first word which is long portrays the anguish that both Catherine and her surroundings were undergoing during her disposition. And finally two abrupt and short syllables of the last word, nothing, represents the abruptness and quickness of her death which was all in all signifying nothing. Mrs. Dean’s aptly chosen words paraphrase the last line of this poem in a more tangible manner: â€Å"One little pulse at her heart, and nothing more.†

A Mistake That Taught You an Important Lesson

Chapter 1: Basic concepts and terms This chapter answers the following questions: What is a dictionary? What are the different types of dictionaries? How can we describe a dictionary? What are the elements of a dictionary? What are the different kinds of information dictionaries provide? What is a dictionary? This is the first question one encounters when learning about dictionary skills or reading any book on lexicography (the art of compiling dictionaries). Defining the term â€Å"dictionary† is important to distinguish it from other reference books, which may look similar, like encyclopedias.Etymologically, the word â€Å"dictionary† comes from the Middle Latin word â€Å"dictionarium,† which means â€Å"collection of words and phrases†. This definition relates to the basic function of dictionaries which is listing the words of a language or a particular field of knowledge. This simple fact is the basis of all the definitions proposed for a dictionary. A dictionary is a book used as a reference source which contains lists of words arranged alphabetically or thematically, with explanations of their meanings (semantic information in monolingual dictionaries) or with their equivalents (in bi-, tri-, or multilingual dictionaries).They may also include more information related to orthography (spelling, alternate spellings), morphology (syllabification, word inflections, derivative forms, morphological paradigm), phonology (pronunciation, stress pattern), etymology (word history and origin), syntax (part of speech, verb type, noun type, etc), pragmatics (usage, frequency of use, style, context), and other semantic information (related words such as synonyms, antonyms). A dictionary may variously be referred to as: word book, lexicon, thesaurus, vocabulary, glossary, and concordance.However, each one of these is slightly different in scope. For example, a thesaurus (also from Latin, and which means a treasury or a storehouse) presents sy nonyms and antonyms; a glossary usually gives a list of terms confined to a particular domain of knowledge with definitions. What distinguishes a dictionary from these different types is that none of them provides all the different kinds of linguistic information a dictionary provides. Use thesaurus in a Sentence See images of thesaurus Search thesaurus on the Web Types of dictionaries: Dictionaries vary in coverage, size, and scope.They can be classified on the basis of different criteria. Knowing the types of dictionaries available is very important to decide which ones to buy or use. The following criteria are used to classify dictionaries: 1) Number of languages: Monolingual dictionaries are written in one language only. Each word is followed by its meaning or various meanings and probably other information related to pronunciation, grammar, or word history. Bilingual dictionaries are written in two languages. Each word is followed by its equivalent or possible equivalents in an other language.Bilingual dictionaries could be uni- or mono-directional; that is, they go in one direction only, from English to Arabic or vise versa. They could also be bidirectional; that is, the dictionary is divided into two parts; the first part is from Language 1 to Language 2, and the second one is from Language 2 to Language 1. Trilingual dictionaries are written in three languages. Multilingual language are written in more than two languages. 2) Age of the users: School dictionaries are intended for school students and they are graded according to children's age: elementary, middle, and high school students.They are simplified versions of adult references. They may also be referred to as â€Å"children's dictionaries† if they are intended for very young children. Adult dictionaries, on the other hand, are intended for adults and these are the ones that translators use and they include a variety of dictionary types such as college dictionaries, current language dictio naries, and unabridged dictionaries. 3) Size of the dictionary: This has to do with how fully a dictionary covers the lexicon of a particular language. The number of words is a measure of its relative size compared with other dictionaries in the same language.According to this criteria, dictionaries can be classified into the following. a) Unabridged dictionaries which are believed to include all the words of the English language (400,000 to 600,000 words). They give full coverage to the lexicon in general use and to specialized lexicon, with examples and all other information any dictionary could give. In other words, they provide complete and authoritative linguistic information. They are impractical for desk use because of their size and expense, but they are available in libraries and are important reference sources.Examples: Webster's Third New International Dictionary (NID3), and Oxford English dictionary (OED) which has 20 volumes. Semi-unabridged dictionaries are those which include about 315,000 words such as the Random House Dictionary. b) College dictionaries include from 150,000 to 170,000 words (almost 200,000 words). Examples: The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, The Random House College Dictionary, Webster's New World Dictionary of American English. They are called college dictionaries because they are often used by college students. c) Desk dictionaries include from 60,000 to 100,000 words.Examples: The American heritage dictionary, Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. They are called desk dictionaries because they are often kept on desks for frequent reference. College and desk dictionaries are often abridged versions of larger dictionaries. Some publishing houses use the term college to refer to both college dictionaries and desk dictionaries. Some other houses use the term concise to refer to desk dictionaries; e. g. Concise Oxford Dictionary, Longman Concise English Dictionary. d) Pocket size dictionaries, which inc lude from 40,000 to 60,000 words; e. g. Pocket Oxford Dictionary. 4) Scope of coverage by subject:Subject-field dictionaries are confined to a special subject, such as law or medicine. Special-purpose dictionaries are limited to one aspect of language: collocations, slang, pronunciation, etymology, synonyms, usage, offensive and taboo words, spelling, dialect, neologisms, etc. A functional classification of dictionaries: For the purpose of the present course, which ultimately aims at training students to use dictionaries as professional translators, we will adopt the following classification that is based on the functions of dictionaries. Dictionaries are divided into two types: traditional and electronic dictionaries.I. Traditional (or regular) dictionaries: Traditional dictionaries are printed dictionaries (paper /print dictionaries). They are divided into four main categories: linguistic, visual, picture, and encyclopedic dictionaries. 1) Linguistic dictionaries are dictionaries that are concerned with words and provide linguistic information and may contain some pictures or illustrations. They are further divided into four types: general, learner, children, and specialized dictionaries. a) General-purpose dictionaries deal with the common words of a language and are compiled by language experts. They may be mono- or bilingual.They may be explanatory and help readers to understand a word meaning, its pronunciation, spelling, usage, etc. They may be translation dictionaries providing word equivalents. Explanatory and translation dictionaries may be unabridged, college, desk, concise, or pocket dictionaries. General-purpose dictionaries could also be production dictionaries (alternatively called activators) which are very useful in writing; they guide you as to which words or expressions to use to express similar or different ideas. They focus on use or meaning in context and on oral usage, rather than explaining their meanings.The first production dictionary is: Longman Language Activator: The World's First Production Dictionary (1993), Longman Essential Activator (intermediate level). The lexical information is organized around approximately 1000 key terms that serve as focal points for crucial sets of concepts. b) Learners' dictionaries are aimed at students learning a language. Examples: Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary, Collins Cobuild English Dictionary, Macmillan English Dictionary for Advanced Learners. c) Children dictionaries are very simplified versions specifically written for children. ) Specialized dictionaries are divided into two types: subject field dictionaries and special purpose dictionaries. Subject field dictionaries are limited to the vocabulary of specific scholarly areas or fields of knowledge such as medicine, law, religion, business and commerce, literature, military affairs and politics, etc. The rapid growth and development, and specifications in all the fields of knowledge has resulted in generating of new words or specialized terms for which the general dictionaries do not provide adequate information.Therefore, it became necessary to compile subject dictionaries which are devoted completely to specific subject fields. As a result many subject dictionaries and glossaries in Humanities, Social Sciences and Science ; Technology are coming out day-by-day. They are compiled by the experts in the different subject fields. Special purpose dictionaries deal with different aspects of language such as collocations, slang, idioms, phrasal verbs, neologisms, abbreviations, language varieties and dialects, synonyms and antonyms, pronunciation, etymology, usage, grammar, word frequencies, etc. ) Visual dictionaries tend to be complete dictionaries and rely on illustrations and photos or pictures; e. g. Merriam-Webster's Visual Dictionary Online. 3) Picture dictionaries are often organized by topic instead of being an alphabetic list of words. They include only a small corpus of words because they are often intended for children. They may be mono-, bi-, or multilingual. 4) Encyclopedic dictionaries has encyclopedic features; their concern is not the words of a language but rather with facts about things, objects, or people; e. . The Hutchinson Concise Encyclopedic Dictionary. II. Electronic dictionaries: An electronic dictionary is an electronic reference resource that contains a library of words and their meanings, spellings, and etymologies. They can be 1) portable (or handheld), battery-operated devices; 2) dictionary programs (on CDs) , or software running on PDAs or computers and which allow words or phrases to be input and translated; or 3) web based dictionaries accessible via the internet.Electronic dictionaries are more convenient than paper dictionaries and much faster to search. Examples of some online dictionaries: AskOxford Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English, Cambridge Dictionaries Online Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary, Dictionary. com Dictionary. com Unabridged v. 1. 1 and American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Ed, Longman Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, Merriam-Webster OnLine Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Oxford University Press Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary DictionariesTraditional Dictionaries Electronic Dictionaries Portable devices CDs Online dictionaries Linguistic Visual Picture Encyclopedic General Learners' Children Specialized Explanatory Production (Activators) Mono, college, desk, concise, pocketExplanatory Production Translation Explanatory Translation (monolingual) (bilingual) unabridged college or pocket college or desk Terminology (religious, literary, political, scientific, medical, etc) (mono and bi) concise Collocation, slang, idioms, phrasal verbs, common errors, neologisms, abbreviations (mono) pocket Synonyms, antonyms, thesaurus, production dic or activators (mono) Pronunciation, etymologies, usage, grammar, word frequencies, (mono) Colleg e, concise, pocket monolingual college or pocket Exercise: Find the following words in your dictionary, if you can't find them think of a reason to explain that: car cumdump goo gonzo coasthenia (psy) to smell to high heaven abarticulation (med) howitzer gun (mil) schlub action agent (mil) What type should you buy or use?Dictionaries are used by native speakers, language learners, or translators. Native speakers use dictionaries to help them in writing or in understanding unfamiliar words or phrases. For this purpose they use adult (unabridged or college) monolingual dictionaries. Language learners need learners' monolingual dictionaries, whether elementary, intermediate, or advanced dictionaries depending on their level of language proficiency. Translators, on the other hand, need both mono- and bilingual dictionaries. They are advised to choose the most recent editions of college or unabridged dictionaries, as the other types of dictionaries are limited in their vocabulary covera ge.They are also advised to have different types of specialized dictionaries of: idioms, collocations, phrasal verbs, usage, specialized terminology (religious, legal, political, medical, literary, military, psychological, scientific, etc). Elements of dictionaries: The elements of any dictionary can be discussed in terms of two levels: the macrostructure and microstructure. The macrostructure is concerned with dictionary features such as the front matter, the end or back matter, entry organization. The microstructure is limited to the structure of entries and the kinds of information they provide. We will discuss these two levels in detail in the following chapter on general monolingual dictionaries.

The Use of Letters in King Lear Essay - 468 Words

The Use of Letters in King Lear nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; William Shakespeare used letters as a dramatic device to reveal the characters loyalty and betrayal in his play King Lear.nbsp; The purpose of the letter is to develop the plot and reveal the characters attributes.nbsp; Three letters help to develop the plot and reveal the characters of Edmund, Gloucester, Goneril and Albany. nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The first letter that appeared on the stage is Edmunds false letter. The letter talked about Edgars plan to kill to his father, Gloucester.nbsp; Edmund made up this letter to plan against his brother Edgar.nbsp; Edmund lied to Gloucester about the letter.nbsp; This†¦show more content†¦nbsp;Edmund decided to tell Cornwall about Gloucester ‘s action.nbsp; Edmund told Cornwall that his father was traitor who wanted to help France.nbsp; Edmund did this to receive more power and get the credit from Duke of Cornwall.nbsp; The action of Edmund displayed that he would do anything to get higher rank.nbsp; He even betrayed his father who is horribly punished.nbsp; Edmund becomes the Earl of Gloucester.nbsp; Edmund had no loyalty to his father.nbsp; In Act III, the letter was in Albanys hand.nbsp; Albany chose to fight the French army and that showed his loyalty to England. nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; The last letter on the stage talked about the plan of murder Albany.nbsp; It was written by Goneril to Edmund.nbsp; Goneril didnt love her husband and planned to kill him.nbsp; Goneril wanted Edmund to be her husband.nbsp; The letter proved that Goneril was going to betray her husband, Albany.nbsp; This also means she would betray their marriage. nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; In King Lear, letters developed the story and displayed the characters loyalty or betrayal.nbsp; Edmunds false letter showed the betrayal betweenShow MoreRelatedKing Lear Character Analysis1442 Words   |  6 PagesKing Lear starts with Gloucester introducing his son, Edmund, to Kent. 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This sud-den surrender ofRead MoreSight and Blindness in King Lear1615 Words   |  7 PagesSight and Blindness in King Lear In King Lear, the recurring images of sight and blindness associated with the characters of Lear and Gloucester illustrate the theme of self-knowledge and consciousness that exist in the play. These classic tropes are inverted in King Lear, producing a situation in which those with healthy eyes are ignorant of what is going on around them, and those without vision appear to see the clearest. While Lears blindness is one which is metaphorical, the blindnessRead MoreSocial Values in King Lear1229 Words   |  5 Pages In King Lear, Shakespeare portrays a society whose emphasis on social class results in a strict social hierarchy fueled by the unceasing desire to improve one’s social status. It is this desire for improved social status that led to the unintentional deterioration of the social hierarchy in King Lear. This desire becomes so great that Edmund, Goneril, Reagan and Cornwall were willing to act contrary to the authority of the social hierarchy for the betterment of their own position within it. AsRead MoreEssay on The Theme of Blindness in King Lear by William Shakespeare862 Words   |  4 PagesThe Theme of Blindness in King Lear by William Shakespeare Shakespeares King Lear tells of the tragedies of two families. At the head of each family is a father who cannot see his children for what they are. Both fathers are lacking in perceptiveness, so the stories of the two families run parallel to each other. In Lears case, two of his daughters fool him into believing their lies. Lear shuts out his third daughter because she cannot her love into words the way he wants her to. Gloucester

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) And A Family Systems...

Mental health professionals recognize that Family Systems Therapy (FT) and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) have had successes as a treatment methodology for individuals who develop eating disorders (Jones, Volker, Lock, Taylor, and Jacobi, 2012; Park, Waller, and Gannon, 2013). In this paper, I compare and contrast an individual approach involving cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and a family systems approach. Definitions and descriptions of studies involving both approaches will be provided, and a comparison will be made. Finally, a discussion of the ethics of both studies will be discussed. Two Approaches to Treatment Individual Approach: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy CBT CBT is defined as a form of mental health based counseling, focusing on errors of cognition and perception. It usually involves a limited number of individual outpatient sessions (Park et al., 2013). This form of therapy, â€Å"helps you become aware of inaccurate or negative thinking, so you can view challenging situations more clearly and respond to them in a more effective way,† (â€Å"Cognitive behavioral therapy†, 2014, para. 1). Family Systems Therapy (FT) Family Systems approach is another form of psychotherapy that treats the entire family unit. It assumes that everyone in the family contributes to the problem, and that change must take place throughout the family system, not just within the individual presenting the eating disorder (â€Å"Family therapy†, 2014, para. 1). This approach helps to,Show MoreRelatedAn Interview With A Social Work Practitioner1243 Words   |  5 Pagesdisorders. She received a clinical training from the Beck Institute in Philadelphia for Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Children and Adolescents. Additionally, she received clinical and research trainings with support from the Annie E. 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Quiet Hero - 1094 Words

Adel Torres Professor: De Palo December 8, 2012 Quiet Hero’s Crisis Intervention amp; Trauma Treatment 3:30pm - 5:20pm Quiet Hero: Secrets from my Father’s Past, written by Rita Cosby, is a story of war, a story of courage, and a story of a daughter finally getting to know her father. In this book, Rita speaks about her father’s childhood as well as her own; the difficulties she faced growing up with a strict father whom she felt she barely knew. Rita grew up in Greenwich Connecticut, with her Danish mother and her Polish father; a father she had a distant and unemotional relationship with. Growing up Rita knew very little about her father. She only knew that he had left Poland after WWII. When Rita was about eight†¦show more content†¦This book touched me profoundly. I grew up without my father and met him when I was 20 years old. Meeting him was very challenging for me because I was consumed with so much anger and I blamed him for not being there for me. In reading this book I am able to realize that we do not always get to choose the path we walk down and sometime s life’s circumstances shape the people we become, for better or worse. This book has made me want to give my own father a chance to explain to me what his life has been like, so that I might have a better understanding of who he is. As I continue my journey through school, I am better able to assess individuals and situations and have a level of empathy without being judgmental. As children we often feel like we know who our parents are but there are so many unanswered questions and hidden lives that it makes it difficult for children to relate to their parents. Each of our paths has impacted us in both negative or positive ways and being able to understand that this affects the decisions that we make can make unpleasant situations a bit easier to digest. Seeing how Rita felt closer to her father as an adult once she got to know him, makes me feel like there is still hope for my father and I. If Rita’s father would have received help for the trauma he had gone t hrough I believe he could have been a better father to Rita while she was growing up. Untreated trauma can affect a family on so manyShow MoreRelatedThe Y Greene : A Quiet, But Not Silent Hero1269 Words   |  6 Pages Cheryll Y Greene: A Quiet, but not Silent Hero History is not about events that have transpired, it is about those events that have been recorded. The first people who author history are reporters, who’s job it is to keep the masses informed of current events. The second authors of history are the historians, who weave together threads of information in order to produce a tapestry of narratives used to illustrate what has occurred. 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Obesity in Hispanic Children Aged 6-12 Years

Question: Discuss about the Obesity in Hispanic Children Aged 6-12 Years. Answer: Introduction: Obesity is the accumulation of excess body fat in the body, when the intake of calories is more than expended, resulting in caloric imbalance. It is caused by genetic, behavioral, and environmental influences, and is calculated on the basis of body mass index (BMI) (CDC, 2015). Several studies conducted on the racial and ethnic health differences in school aged children have established that Hispanic children run the greater risk of obesity than the non-Hispanic (NCHS, 2016). The Hispanic childhood obesity reflects the socioeconomic disparities in the community, and is widening to an alarming proportion. According to the Minority Health, 2016, the Hispanic children aged 2 to 5 years have obesity about five times higher than that of the non-Hispanic, while the obesity in children aged 6 to 11 is 25% against the 1.6% of the non Hispanic. This indicates that the disparities in childhood obesity begins in early childhood (Minority Health, 2016). Obesity can cause physical and mental problems that reduce life expectancy (Vaida, 2013). The mothers pregnancy, gestational diabetes, the way a child is raised, eating habits, genetics, lifestyle, attitudes, and socioeconomic status determine childhood obesity (WHO, 2016). The complication due to obesity is detrimental to the health care system, because it involves huge amount in combating it. A recent estimate shows that a 10 year old obese child needs about $ 12660 as incremental lifetime medical cost (Finkelstein, et al., 2014). Adoption of proper obesity management intervention, physical activities, introduction of nutrition, fruits and vegetables, combined diet, desisting sweets and beverages, and change in behavior, community settings, socioeconomic and geographical backgrounds can reduce obesity in children (Asieba, 2016; CDC, 2016). The existing racial or ethnic disparities in Hispanic children can be minimized by identifying and removing the risk factors at the root levels (Asieba, 2016). Reference Asieba, I. O. (2016). Racial/Ethnic Trends in Childhood Obesity in the United States. Journal of Childhood Obesity. Retrieved 8 Sept, 2016 from https://childhood-obesity.imedpub.com/racialethnic-trends-in-childhood-obesity-in-the-united-states.php?aid=8597 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2015). Childhood Obesity Facts. Department of Health Human Services. Retrieved 8 Sept, 2016 from https://www.cdc.gov/healthyschools/obesity/facts.htm Finkelstein,E. A., Graham, W. C. K., Malhotra, R. (2014). Lifetime Direct Medical Costs of Childhood Obesity. Pediatrics, Vol. 133/Issue. Retrieved 8 Sept, 2016 from https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/133/5/854 Minority Health. (2016). Obesity and Hispanic Americans. US Department of Health and Human services. Retrieved 6 Sept, 2016 from https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/omh/browse.aspx?lvl=4lvlid=70 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). (2016). Health, United States, 2015: With Special Feature on Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities. DHHS Publication No. 2016-1232. Hyattsville, MD. Retrieved 6 Sept, 2016 from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/hus15.pdf Vaida, N. (2013). Prevalence Of Obesity Among Children Studying. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy, Vol 3, Issue 1. e-ISSN: 2250-3013, p-ISSN: 2319-4219 PP 04-11 Retrieved 6 Sept, 2016 from https://www.iosrphr.org/papers/v3i1/part_3/B031304011.pdf World Health Organization (WHO). (2016). Report of the Ad hoc Working Group on Science and Evidence for Ending Childhood Obesity. Retrieved 6 Sept, 2016 from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/206549/1/9789241565332_eng.pdf

Marketing Plan Shisha cafes in Montreal, Canada.

Target Market Product and market definition Shisha is flavored tobacco for smoking. It is smoked using a hookah. The product is deemed to have originated from Turkey, but some have argued that it originated from the Middle East. The Shisha tobacco is mixed with fruit shavings like grapes, apples, and even strawberries.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Marketing Plan Shisha cafes in Montreal, Canada. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Shisha smoking has become a common tradition in the US, UK, and Canada1. It is considered to be a luxurious tradition where people smoke in cafes. Shisha culture is synonymous with the elite class. With the smoking laws in place, there has been an innovation in Shisha smoking whereby electronic Shishas have been developed. Numerous Shisha smoking cafes have been developed across the globe. The luxurious smoking of Shisha has been attracting many customers in these cafes2. Therefore, th is plan aims to open Shisha cafes in Montreal, Canada. It will also aim at getting customers and a favorable operating market. The first thing will be to find a favorable place from where to situate the cafes within the city. This is an important factor in marketing. The bars, restaurants, and clubs will be the target joints for the Shisha cafes as they comprise of people who come for luxurious activities. The target clients for the products to be marketed should be found in certain places where the business is located. The target market for the Shisha cafe business in the State of Montreal is the elite class especially those people who smoke the normal tobacco3. The first thing that will be done is establishing the number of Shisha cafes that will be opened. For this case, a total of five cafes will be opened, and they will be used as pilot cases as the possibility of opening more such cafes is assessed. Therefore, five key destinations will be identified as locations for the first five cafes. The Shisha cafes will be located adjacent to the identified places: two, adjacent to bars; one, adjacent to a restaurant; one, adjacent to a casino and another adjacent to a club. The identified places are deemed to have an inflow of people who have the mission of refreshing themselves. Therefore, they are likely to develop interest in the products being offered by the Shisha cafes. Pricing for the products This business will aim at providing a variety of Shisha flavor products to customers in Canada so that customers can enjoy different tastes of products. The varieties of Shisha flavors that will be offered include Al-Sultan Shisha, Soex Herbal Shisha, Al- Fackher Shisha, Hydro Herbal Shisha, Starbuzz Shisha, Baraka Herbal Shisha, Nakhla, Al-Waha, Haze, Fantasia, and El-Rosha Herbal Shisha. The prices of these flavors will be adjusted so that customers can be attracted by virtue of price.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can h elp you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This is one of the positioning factors. The price of each flavor will be set at 1 per cent lower than the normal retailing price of the flavors. The consumption of Shisha has been growing, and the number of dealers in these products has been swelling. Therefore, it will be worthwhile to adjust prices relative to the prices of the present dealers of the product in Canada4. Different goods are priced differently depending on prices at which they were acquired and the profit motive of the company retailing the product. These aspects must balance for each of the products on offer at the Shisha cafà ©. Prospects of the target market Customers always seek the utmost utility in the products or services that they receive from the market. In Canada, there has been an advocacy for products with less tobacco because of the health defects that are presumed to result from tobacco products. Therefore, it will be beneficial if Shisha brands with minimal tobacco are chosen. Such brands will attract customers because of strict health policies on tobacco use in Canada. Customers also need high quality products that have minimal defects upon use. Therefore, the electronic Shishas are the most preferred as they reduce the amount of smoke5. The customers are seeking a reassurance from dealers that Shisha products have minimal health defects. They are also seeking a price offer that is reasonable and which matches the quality of the products on offer. Therefore, the cafà © has to ensure that customers fully understand the products on offer. It must clearly explain the different flavor of Shisha and how they are prepared. This should include ingredients that go into their processing6. Marketing Mix Product strategy The objectives of the marketing plan for the Shisha cafà © include: Introducing and familiarizing the different aspects of Shisha products in the country. This will be achieved through the use of better ma rket communicative skills that will help capture the attention and impression of the customers. Enticing customers to buy Shisha products in the region of Quebec and the country at large. This will be achieved through the effective use of advertising and promotional skills that are aimed at convincing the customers about the goodness of the Shisha products. Ensuring the delivery of quality Shisha products at rational prices to the customers in the country. This will be attained through the use of advanced branding skills and using effective market research skills that will help in assigning of favorable prices. Strategies Different marketing strategies will be employed in order to meet the marketing objectives. Market entry is an important factor that will give customers a good impression of the product. The skills of enforcing the marketing strategies will be derived from the hiring of staffs that are proficient in marketing. Product placement will be one of the points to conside r in attaining the marketing objectives. Different forms of advertising will be used to let the customers aware of the presence of the cafes and the products on offer. Open promotion campaigns will also be critical in ensuring that customers get to know the different flavor categories of the products. Branding of the products will also be important in positioning the products in the market Branding will entail a number of sub-strategies which include pricing, using of proper brand name and diversifying the products in the market. This will be done prior to the beginning of the marketing exercise. The execution of marketing strategies must be coherent with the objectives. First of all, there must be adequate resources. This will ensure the effective implementation of marketing strategies. Creating a first impression is quite an expensive exercise. Therefore, enough financial resources will be gathered, and a budget made to ensure that the finances are effectively deployed.Advertisin g We will write a custom report sample on Marketing Plan Shisha cafes in Montreal, Canada. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There will be the recruitment of staffs to aid in the marketing exercise. These staffs will be hired depending on their skills and experience in marketing field. Effective monitoring and evaluation mechanisms will also be established. This will help in assessing the progress of the marketing function so that changes can be induced where necessary7. Place strategy The objective of this marketing exercise is to find a favorable place for setting up Shisha cafes. Customer availability will be the main consideration here. For the first five years of operation, the business is expected to have fully picked up with a large network of customers and a possibility of expanding the business8. The place will be identified through a marketing survey exercise. This exercise will help determine the probability of the flou rishing of this business. Experience from working in the region will also help in choosing the best place for establishing the cafes. The structure of the survey will ensure that it explores all potential marketing implications in the area. The marketing surveys will be supported by other tools like observation and academic experience. All these will be conducted prior to identifying the right places for establishing the cafes. Price strategy Pricing strategy is a critical aspect in of the marketing mix and can help in positioning a product within the market. The objectives of effective pricing will be to set prices that will attract customers. The other objective is to make the product affordable to customers while at the same time ensuring that the cafà © is making profits from the set prices9. The attainment of right prices will be done by assessing the prices of these products in different places where they are marketed. This will be followed by establishing the amount of money that will go into the processing of the product. This will help in setting prices for the product that are deemed to be relatively lower so as to entice customers. It will also enable the business to gain strong grounds. The setting of prices will depend on the quality of the products. The ingredients of the products will be attached to the packaged products. Customer information will be a critical resource and will help in identifying customer opinion on the products. Promotion strategy The objectives of the promotional strategies will include: creating awareness of the products, promoting sales, acquisition of skilled personnel, enhancing customer confidence and boosting the level of product knowledge10. Direct marketing will be the main means of promoting Shisha. This will utilize several promotional tools including direct advertising, road shows, posters, promotional games among others. Direct sales personnel will also be deployed to help in reaching a wider population.Advertis ing Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Advertising will be used at the initial stages. The media will be the best resource in reaching a wider population. Advertising will begin one month prior to opening of the cafà © in order to create anxiety amongst the population. Direct marketing will commence at a similar time when the cafes will be opened. Bibliography Alberta Health Services. Strategic Brief: Water-pipe Tobacco Use. Web. Aljarrah, Khaled, Zaid, Q Ababneh and Wael K Al-Delaimy. Perceptions of hookah smoking harmfulness: predictors and characteristics among current hookah users. Tob Induc Dis. 5, 1, (2009): 16. Christensen, Shane. Frommer’s Dubai. Chichester: John Wiley, 2010. Ferrell, O. C. and Michael D. Hartline. Marketing Strategy. Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2011. Herald, Calgary. Tobacco-free smoking allowed in shisha bars. Web. Kurtz, David L. Boone Kurtz Contemporary Marketing / David L. Kurtz. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2012. Lamb, Charles W., Joseph F. Hair and Car l D. McDaniel. Mktg5: Student Edition. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2011. Mills, Gordon. Retail Pricing Strategies and Market Power. Melbourne: University Press, 2002. Shechter, Relli. Smoking, Culture and Economy in the Middle East: The Egyptian Tobacco Market 1850-2000. London [u.a.: Tauris, 2006. Footnotes 1 Alberta Health Services. Strategic Brief: Water-pipe Tobacco Use. Last modified January 2011. 2 Relli Shechter. Smoking, Culture and Economy in the Middle East: The Egyptian Tobacco Market 1850-2000. (London [u.a.: Tauris, 2006), p. 122. 3 Calgary Herald. Tobacco-free smoking allowed in shisha bars. 2007. 4 Shane Christensen. Frommer’s Dubai. (Chichester: John Wiley, 2010), p. 141. 5 Khaled Aljarrah, Zaid, Q Ababneh and Wael K Al-Delaimy. Perceptions of hookah smoking harmfulness: predictors and characteristics among current hookah users. Tob Induc Dis. 5, 1, (2009): 16. 6 Alberta Health Services. Strategic Brief: Water-pipe Tobacco Use. Last modified Jan uary 2011. 7 O.C. Ferrell and Michael D. Hartline. Marketing Strategy. (Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2011), p. 348. 8 Charles W. Lamb, Joseph F. Hair, and Carl D. McDaniel. Mktg5: Student Edition. (Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2011), p. 25. 9 Gordon Mills. Retail Pricing Strategies and Market Power. (Melbourne: University Press, 2002), p. 3. 10 David L. Kurtz. Boone Kurtz Contemporary Marketing / David L. Kurtz. (Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2012), p. 512. This report on Marketing Plan Shisha cafes in Montreal, Canada. was written and submitted by user J0ey to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.